The maps identify people groups mainly by the range of their languages, whether vigorous or on the wane; yet the ethnic identities of these groups are very much tied in with cultural & historical factors as well. Where significant numbers of a people group exist, the maps mainly label their administrative townships, though the precise location of their whereabouts may actually be in villages up into the mountains & valleys beyond. Languages, locations & people group names are all based on Mandarin Chinese renderings.